United States Department of the Navy. United States Department of the Air Force. United States Department of Homeland Security. May 11, 1942 as amended by E. During World War II, the medal's award criteria varied widely depending on the theater of operations, the aircraft flown, and the missions accomplished.
In Europe, the airspace was considered completely controlled by the enemy and heavy air defenses were encountered, so the criteria were altered from those of the original medal. Bomber, photographic reconnaissance, or observation crewmembers and air transport pilots received it for five sorties, fighter pilots received it for ten sorties, and individual pilots or air crewmen received one award per enemy aircraft shot down. Elsewhere in the Pacific and the. The pilots and crews flew mostly over uncontrolled or contested airspace for long hours and lighter air defenses were encountered, so much higher criteria were used.Anti-submarine patrols from the United States could qualify for the medal if an airman logged 200 hours of flight time.